Watering your houseplants may seem simple, but it’s often the most misunderstood aspect of plant care. The number one killer of indoor plants is improper watering especially overwatering. Whether you’re a seasoned plant parent or a beginner trying to keep that pothos alive, learning how to water houseplants properly is essential. In this guide, you’ll find practical tips, expert advice, and actionable steps to ensure your plants thrive year-round.
The Golden Rules of Watering Houseplants
1. Water Thoroughly
One of the first things one learns in learning how to properly water houseplants is to ensure your plant gets enough water. Here are some tips for doing so:
- Soak the Soil: Water until water is coming out of the drainage holes.
- Repeat if Necessary: After a few minutes, repeat with larger pots to make sure the entire root ball has been watered.
- Drain Excess Water: Remove water from trays and decorative pots to avoid root rot.
2. Understand Your Plant’s Needs
Each plant is different, and how much water it needs depends on a few variables:
- Plant Type: Tropical plants, such as calatheas, like to stay moist, while succulents do much better with infrequent waterings.
- Season: Plants require more water during active growth periods, spring and summer, than during fall and winter when they are dormant.
- Environment: Plants placed near windows or in warmer areas will dry out faster.
3. Test the Soil Before Watering
Never water your plant assuming that it may need water. Check the soil by using either of these three ways:
- Finger Test: Insert your finger into the soil, about two inches deep. If dry, time to water.
- Moisture Meter: It gives correct readings and is rather effective for the purpose.
- Visual Cues: Dry soil will look lighter and might even shrink away from the sides of the container.
Common Watering Mistakes to Avoid
1. Overwatering
The first mistake many new plant owners make is overwatering. Yellowing leaves, mushy stems, and soil with a foul smell are signs that this mistake has been made. Allow the top of the soil to dry completely between watering.
2. Underwatering
Signs include brown edges, wilting, or crispy edges. Sometimes the ground gets so dry that giving your plants a thorough soaking helps their condition improve.
3. Using Non-Draining Pots
Pots without drainage holes trap water, causing root rot. Always plant in pots with drainage or water your plant outside its decorative pot.
How to Water Houseplants Properly: A Step-by-Step Guide
Step 1: Choose the Right Water
Using the right water can make all the difference in plant health:
- Filtered Water: Best for sensitive plants like calatheas and dracaenas..
- Tap Water: Allow it to sit for 24 hours so that chlorine evaporates.
- Rainwater: This is naturally available and nutrient-rich.
Step 2: Water Evenly
Let water reach every part of the soil:
- Pour slowly around the pot’s perimeter.
- Rotate the pot to cover all sides.
Step 3: Monitor Drainage
Good drainage is necessary. After watering, let the excess water drain off completely before emptying the saucer.
Seasonal Watering Tips
Spring and Summer
During the growing season, when plants are most active, one waters more frequently. Check soil moisture every few days, especially for plants set in sunny windows.
Fall and Winter
Growth rates decline during the cooler months, so watering less often is logical. Let the soil dry out a bit more between waterings, particularly for low-light plants such as snake plants.
Tailored Watering for Specific Plants
1. Tropical Plants
- Examples: Monstera, Calathea, Philodendron
- Watering Needs: Soil should be kept uniformly moist but not wet. Leaves should be sprayed regularly to maintain humidity.
2. Succulents and Cacti
- Examples: Jade Plant, Aloe Vera
- Watering Needs: Water deeply but sparingly. Allow soil to dry out completely between waterings.
3. Ferns
- Examples: Boston Fern, Maidenhair Fern
- Watering Needs: High humidity lovers. Keep soil consistently moist and mist frequently.
4. Orchids
- Examples: Phalaenopsis, Dendrobium
- Watering Needs: Water weekly with lukewarm water. Avoid letting water sit in the crown to prevent rot.
FAQs About Watering Houseplants
1. How Often Should I Water My Plants?
There’s no one-size-fits-all answer. Frequency depends on the plant type, pot size, and environment. Check soil moisture regularly to determine when to water.
2. Can I Use Ice Cubes for Watering?
While it’s a common technique for orchids, ice cubes can shock roots. Water at room temperature is safer.
3. Is Misting Necessary?
Misting helps with humidity-loving plants but doesn’t replace proper watering of the soil.
4. What’s the Best Time to Water Plants?
It should preferably be done in the morning to allow the water to absorb in the plant before the temperatures can rise high.
Final Thoughts on How to Water Houseplants Properly
Mastering how to water houseplants properly is a skill that takes time and practice. Learn the peculiarities of your plants, use the right techniques, and avoid common mistakes to cultivate a healthy indoor garden. Remember that consistency and attention are two key tools for your success.
